Arduino Bluetooth Controlled Car

Description

This project shows how to build a Bluetooth controlled car using an Arduino UNO, an L298N motor driver, and an HC-05 Bluetooth module. The car receives commands wirelessly from a smartphone over Bluetooth and moves forward, backward, left, or right based on the command received.

The Arduino reads incoming Bluetooth signals through serial communication and drives the motors accordingly using the L298N driver, which handles the higher current needed to run the BO motors. This is a great beginner-friendly robotics project to learn about serial communication, motor control, and wireless interfacing.

Components Required

Component	Quantity
Arduino UNO	1
L298N Motor Driver	1
HC-05 Bluetooth Module	1
BO Motors	4
BO Motor Tyres	4
12V Battery	1
Cardboard (Chassis)	1
Switch	1
Wires	As required
Jumper Wires	As required

Pin Connection Table

L298N Motor Driver → Arduino UNO

L298N Pin	Arduino Pin
IN1	D8
IN2	D9
IN3	D10
IN4	D11
5V	VIN
GND	GND

HC-05 Bluetooth Module → Arduino UNO

HC-05 Pin	Arduino Pin
TX	RX (Pin 0)
RX	TX (Pin 1)
VCC	5V
GND	GND

Battery → L298N Motor Driver

Battery	L298N Terminal
Positive (+)	12V Input
Negative (−)	GND

Motor Output Connections

The two left-side BO motors are connected in parallel to the left output terminal (OUT1/OUT2) of the L298N, and the two right-side BO motors are connected in parallel to the right output terminal (OUT3/OUT4). Connecting each side's motors in parallel allows both wheels on that side to move together in sync.

Bluetooth App Used

This project uses the "Arduino Car" Bluetooth control app to send movement commands (F, B, L, R, S) from your smartphone to the HC-05 module.

Arduino Code

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char data; // Variable to store received data

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Start serial communication at 9600 baud rate

  // Set motor control pins as output
  pinMode(8, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) { // Check if data received
    data = Serial.read(); // Read received data
    
    // Control motor movement based on received data
    switch (data) {
      case 'F': // Move Forward
        digitalWrite(8, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(9, LOW);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(11, LOW);
        break;
      case 'B': // Move Backward
        digitalWrite(8, LOW);
        digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
        break;
      case 'R': // Turn Right
        digitalWrite(8, LOW);
        digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(11, LOW);
        break;
      case 'L': // Turn Left
        digitalWrite(8, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(9, LOW);
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(11, HIGH);
        break;
      case 'S': // Stop
        digitalWrite(11, LOW);
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(9, LOW);
        digitalWrite(8, LOW);
        break;
    }
  }
}